Cultural management as a tourism competitiveness factor. Principal component analysis (PCA) for Colombia
Resumen
This article aims to present a comparative analysis of a range of variables from the Regional Tourism Competitiveness Index of Colombia (ICTRC, for its acronym in Spanish), developed by the Centre for Tourism Thinking (CPTUR), inherent to the dimension of Cultural Managementin 22 Colombian territories. Principal componentanalysis was applied to measure the correlation between eight ICTRC variables, which account for the level of cultural management in Colombia. The analysisrevealed that the cultural management factors from the ICTRC can be grouped in two wide groups: preexisting factors and factors derived from new strategies. The 22 territories were classified in three clusters: thefirst one is high performing in both factor types, the second one is high performing in preexisting factors but low performing in factors derived from new strategies, and the third one is high performing in factors derived from new strategies but low performing in preexisting factors. It is concluded that tourism competitiveness in the cultural realm is dynamic. Therefore, the many actors in the tourism sector value chain will have to formulate strategic, tactic and operational actions in thewide range of companies’ and destinations’ functional areas in order to increase competitiveness in cultural management.
Keywords: tourism competitiveness, cultural management,
Colombia, principal component analysis
RESUMEN
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis comparativo de las diversas variables del Índice de Competitividad Turística Regional de Colombia (ICTRC) desarrollado por el Centro de Pensamiento Turístico (CPTUR), inherentes a la dimensión de Gestión Cultural en 22 territorios de Colombia. Se aplicó el método del análisis de componentes principales para medir la correlación entre 8 variables seleccionadas del ICTRC, que dan cuenta de la gestión cultural en Colombia. El análisis reveló que las variables de gestión cultural del ICTRC se agrupan en dos amplios grupos: factores preexistentes y factores derivados de nuevas estrategias. Los 22 territorios se clasificaron en tres grupos: el primero, con un alto desempeño en ambos tipos de factores, el segundo con alto desempeño en factores preexistentes, pero bajo en factores derivados de nuevas estrategias, y el tercero con un alto desempeño en factores derivados de nuevas estrategias, pero bajo en factores preexistentes. Se concluye que la competitividad turística de los territorios a nivel cultural es dinámica, por consiguiente, los diferentes actores de la cadena de valor del sector turístico deberán formular acciones estratégicas, tácticas y operativas en las diversas áreas funcionales de las compañías y los destinos para lograr un aumento de la competitividad desde la gestión de la cultura.
Palabras clave: Competitividad turística, gestión cultural,
Colombia, componentes principales.
Palabras clave
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-235X2021000100078
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