Governance issues around agricultural land use and water demand for irrigation in the Vinces river basin (Ecuador)

Tania Sofía Coloma Zurita, José Luis Muñoz Marcillo, Betty Beatriz Gonzales Osorio4, Luis Roque Vivas Moreira

Resumen


The Vinces river basin has a high agricultural aptitude, this has allowed the intensive development of agricultural crops that provide a significant amount of foreign exchange for the country at the cost of strong pressure on the water resource for irrigation and that have displaced important native vegetation. In this context, it is necessary to exercise governance in such a way as to guarantee the management and territorial development of the basin. The objective of this work is to identify the governance problems related to the agricultural use of the land and the demand for water for irrigation of crops in the Vinces river basin. The present investigation entailed the analysis of the current situation of the general administration of the water basins in Ecuador and especially of this important basin in the center of the country, the analysis of the conceptual frameworks of governance and the compilation of digital geoinformation with its subsequent processing in Geographic Information Systems, the tabulation of official statistical information and field verification of the management of agricultural crops. The main agricultural coverage of the basin under study expressed by the agricultural crops of banana, cocoa and oil palm exert great pressure for the space and water of the basin for irrigation in the long period of summer drought. The figures collected from the historical water concessions for irrigation of the basin by the environmental authority do
not reflect the true volume used by the agricultural sector 

Keywords: Basin, Hydrographic Demarcation, Agricultural Crops,
Governance, GIS.


RESUMEN

La cuenca del río Vinces presenta una alta aptitud agrícola, esto ha permitido el desarrollo intensivo cultivos agrícolas que aportan una cantidad importante de divisas para el país a costo de una fuerte presión sobre el recurso hídrico para su riego y que han desplazado importante vegetación nativa. En este contexto es necesario ejercer una gobernanza de forma tal que garantice el manejo y desarrollo territorial de la cuenca. El presente trabajó tiene por objetivo identificar los problemas de gobernanza relacionados con el uso agrícola del suelo y la demanda de agua para riego de los cultivos en la cuenca del río Vinces. La presente investigación conllevó el análisis de la situación actual de la administración general de las cuencas hídricas en Ecuador y de manera especial de esta importante cuenca del centro del país, el análisis de los marcos conceptuales de gobernanza y la recopilación de geoinformación digital con su posterior procesamiento en Sistemas de Información Geográfica, la tabulación de información estadística oficial y verificación en terreno del manejo de los cultivos agrícolas. Las coberturas agrícolas principales de la cuenca en estudio expresadas por los cultivos agrícolas de banano, cacao y palma aceitera ejercen gran presión por el espacio y el agua de la cuenca para el riego en el largo periodo de estiaje de verano. Las cifras que recoge las concesiones históricas de agua para riego de la cuenca por parte de la autoridad ambiental no reflejan el verdadero volumen empleado por el sector agrícola.

Palabras clave: Cuenca, Demarcación Hidrográfica, Cultivos Agrícolas,
Gobernanza, SIG.

Received: 2022-08-19 Accepted for publication: 2022-11-01 Published: 2022-12-31


Palabras clave


Basin, Hydrographic Demarcation, Agricultural Crops, Governance, GIS.

Texto completo:

PDF (English)

Referencias


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-235X2022000200137

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